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You omitted one group of bikes that offer some relief from the problems of road racing bikes, namely tourers. Longer wheelbase is the principal feature along with a more relaxed geometry, less upright seat tube, more upright seating position, even with drops, and the chance for bigger, more shock-absorbing tires. Someone mentioned Rivendell, which is a small outfit in Walnut Creek, CA but there are many others like Co-Motion, Bruce Gordon, Independent Fabrication, Sakkit and Mercian. Custom builders like Vanilla Cycles and ANT also make fine touring designs.